Andreasen describes five types of luxation injury and
a number of studies have investigated the prognosis for
luxated teeth.
From an endodontic point of view, the
main complicating factors of luxation injuries are pulp
necrosis with infection, pulp canal calcification, ankylosis
and root resorption. Factors that affect the prognosis of
luxated teeth are the degree of displacement, treatment
time delay, root maturation and concomitant crown
fractures. Most cases of pulp necrosis in luxated teeth
become evident within four months. Root resorption
often occurs within the first five months after injury
and can develop quite rapidly, particularly in immature
teeth. Hence, frequent follow-up examination is
recommended. In some cases pulp necrosis may appear
at a much later date and therefore long-term follow-up
is essential.